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Articolo contenuto in Vol. 99 Anno 2022 --> Fasc. 1

Philosophy and Spirituality in the works of Meister Eckhart

Abstract

This contribution aims at presenting Eckhart’s cultural project of an interpretation of the Sacred Scriptures per rationes naturales philosophorum, Eckhart’s project impacts his conception of spirituality, summarized by the term «divine man» (homo divinus) or «noble man» (homo nobilis). The first part will therefore be devoted to showing the relationship between philosophy and Sacred Scripture according to Meister Eckhart. The second part describes the experience of the inward and outward man from the perspective of Eckhartian theories.



Eckhart lived between the years 1260 and 1328, in a time characterised by the formation of a strong urban culture. He lived and worked in the most important cities in Germany. He belonged to a religious order of recent formation and typically urban features, the order of Dominicans, who were devoted to poverty and study. Many Dominicans were university professors. In this order, deeply rooted in the new city culture, a democratic rotation of leadership positions was customary, so that Eckhart found himself for many years taking on at varying times the functions not only of professor and teacher, but also of conventual prior and provincial. This fact should not be underestimated, because it helps to outline a constitutive trait of his personality: he taught only three times at the University of Paris, but governed for about a decade one of the most important Dominican convents, located in an economic center in Germany, Erfurt. He was also vicar for the entire region of Thuringia, appointed by another philosopher-politician, Dietrich of Freiberg; from 1304 to 1310, for seven long years, he was prior provincial of a Dominican province, Saxonia, which stretched from the Baltics to the Bavarian Alps. He had a territorial jurisdiction that was comparable to that of an archbishop; he dealt with imperial princes, founded new convents, and defended the privileges of the order. He exercised his mandate with such ability that, at the end of it, he was immediately elected prior provincial of the Dominican province of western Germany, Teutonia. He will not be able to exercise his mandate because he was sent by the general direction of the order to Paris, to teach in the most important theology chair in Europe.

In addition to (and perhaps because of) his work as administrator, Eckhart carried out a cultural project of significant interest to the historian of philosophy.

As a theologian he discussed theological and philosophical questions in the vernacular, addressing a German-speaking public that did not understand Latin or read Latin only reluctantly and with difficulty.

[…]



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Pubblicazione Primavera 2022

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